ZOOL 4274 Albany State University Anthropods and Leeches Lab Worksheet Parisitology Lab instructions attached is two lab worksheets for the anthropod work

ZOOL 4274 Albany State University Anthropods and Leeches Lab Worksheet Parisitology Lab instructions

attached is two lab worksheets for the anthropod worksheet you must label the pictures

for the leeches worksheet YOU MUST HAND DRAW AND LABEL THE PICTURESParisitology Lab instructions

You will look up life cycles and the diseases caused using your text book or online sources. You will also need to review videos and diagrams or photos in order to draw and label their structures. I will not take cut and past diagrams or photos, only your personal drawings. You can upload an app on your phone to scan your drawings. Upload them into the assignment box. Usually pdf or Word files work best although other may work as well.

also attached is the powerpoint to answer the questions on the worksheet

Attached is the worksheet, the anthropod lab doesn’t require drawing only labeling and questions!

the leeches lab requires drawing and labeling ZOOL 4274
PARASITOLOGY
ARTHROPODS
1. On the drawing below label the following parts of a free living copepod:
a. Abdomen
b. Antennae (first and second)
c. Carapace
d. Egg sac
e. Eye
f. Thorax
2. Describe how parasitic copepods are anatomically different from free-living copepods.
3. On the following diagram of the flea, label the following parts.
a. Abdomen
b. Claw
c. Genitalia
d. Head
e. Mouthparts
f. Spermatotheca
g. Tarsus
h. Thorax
4. On the following diagram of the tick, label the following parts.
a. Anus
b. Capitulum
c. Chelicera
d. Claws
e. Coxa
f. Eye
g. Femur
h. Festoons
i. Genital Opening
j. Palp
k. Patella
l. Scutum
m. Tarsus
n. Tibia
o. Trochanter
5. Describe the differences between lice of the suborders Anoplura and Mallophaga.
6. Fill out the following table.
Arthropod
Haemagogus spp.
Ctenocephalides spp.
Ixodes scapularis
Cimex lectularius
Pthirus pubis
Effects on humans including diseases carried
Leeches
Parasitic Segmented Worms
Leeches belong to the phylum Annelida and the subclass
Hirudinea. Like their relatives, the earthworms, they are
segmented. They are either parasites or predators. Annelids
have hydrostatic skeletons with segmented bodies. They
have 2 muscle layers that can lengthen (circular muscles)
and contract (longitudinal muscles) each segment
independently. This deforms the body shape resulting in
movements. Leeches have a clitellum like earthworms.
They are also hermaphrodites like earthworms. They are
different because they have suckers at both ends. Also their
external “segments”, called annulations, do not correspond
with their true internal segments.
Most leeches are freshwater species. Some live in marine
habitats or on land. A few are predators on small
invertebrates but most are parasitic and feed on blood
(hematophagous). They use a sucker to attach themselves
to a host. They secret hirudin in their saliva which prevents
the clotting of the blood. Most do little harm to their host,
dropping off after consuming a blood meal. Some humans
may be allergic to their saliva and go into anaphylactic
shock. Leeches were used medicinally from ancient times
into the 1800s to draw blood, purify the blood, etc. The
medicinal leech, Hirudo medicinalis, is currently used in
microsurgery.
The infraclass Euhirudinae to which true leeches belong have both
anterior and posterior suckers. They are divided into two groups:
Arhynchobdellida and Rhynchobdellida.
• The Rhynochobdellida are jawless and use a muscular, straw-like
proboscis to puncture the skin of their host. It is housed in a
retractable sheath. Some of them are marine or freshwater
ectoparasites of fish.
• The Arhynchobdellida do not have a proboscis. Some have jaws
armed with teeth for making wounds.
• The order Hirudiniformes which includes the blood-feeding
European medical leech, Hirudo medicinalis, are jawed
leeches, armed with teeth.
Hirudo medicinalis jaws
Behind the blades is the mouth,
located ventrally at the anterior end
of the body. It leads successively into
the pharynx, a short esophagus and
in some species a crop. Next is a
stomach and a hindgut, which ends
at an anus located just above the
posterior sucker. The stomach may
be a simple tube, but the crop, when
present, is an enlarged part of the
midgut with a number of pairs of
ceca that stores ingested blood.
Leeches normally carry parasites in
their digestive tracts but these cannot
survive in humans and do not pose a
threat. However, bacteria, viruses, and
parasites from previous blood sources
can survive within a leech for months,
but only a few cases of leeches
transmitting pathogens to humans have
been reported.
There are ten to seventeen pairs of
metanephridia in the mid-region of
the leech. From these, ducts typically
lead to a urinary bladder, which
empties to the outside at a
nephridiopore.
In leeches, the coelom is reduced to
four small longitudinal channels, and
the body cavity is filled with a solid
dermis in between the organs. The
body is usually dorso-ventrally
flattened
Cross section
The body wall consists of a cuticle, an epidermis
and a thick layer of fibrous connective tissue in
which are embedded the circular muscles, the
diagonal muscles and the powerful longitudinal
muscles. There are also dorso-ventral muscles. The
coelom is reduced to four continuous slender
channels that run the full length of the body, the two
main ones at the side, with others dorsally and
ventrally. The coelom has taken over the function of
the hemal system in other annelids.
Reproduction
Leeches are hermaphrodites. The testes mature before the
ovaries. A pair will usually line up pointing opposite directions with
their clitellums in contact. This results in the male gonopore of one
leech being in contact with the female gonopore of the other. The
penis passes a spermatophore into the female gonopore and
sperm is transferred, and probably stored in, the vagina.
Some time after copulation, the small,
relatively yolkless eggs are laid. In most
species, an albumin-filled cocoon is
secreted by the clitellum and receives one
or more eggs as it passes over the female
gonopore. The cocoon is fixed to a
submerged object, or in the case of
terrestrial leeches, deposited under a stone
or buried in damp soil. Leeches mostly have
an annual or biannual life cycle.
ZOOL 4274
PARASITOLOGY
LEECHES, ETC.
1. Using your text or online sources draw and label the external anatomy of Hirudo
medicinalis.
a. Annuli
b. Anus
c. Anterior (oral) sucker
d. Female gonopore
e. Male gonopore
f. Nephridiopore
g. Ocelli (eyespots)
h. Posterior (caudal) sucker
2. Using your text or online sources draw and label the internal anatomy of Hirudo
medicinalis.
a. Mouth
b. Jaws
c. Pharynx
d. Esophagus
e. Crop
f. Gastric Ceca
g. Stomach
h. Intestine (hindgut)
i. Intestinal Ceca
j. Anus
k. Nephridia
l. Ovary
3. Describe in some detail how Hirudo medicinalis is used in modern medicine.
4, Fill out the following table for
Phylum
Common name
Hosts
Life cycle
Hermaphrodites or separate
sexes?
Effect on Definite Host
Nematomorpha
Acanthocephala

Purchase answer to see full
attachment