NR505 Chamberlain College Ebp and Research of Applied Nursing Theory Paper Re-write the attached paper Its my own paper however I had used it previously. N

NR505 Chamberlain College Ebp and Research of Applied Nursing Theory Paper Re-write the attached paper Its my own paper however I had used it previously. Needs to be rewritten in the same contents but with different pharsing Strict APA formatting english grammer 1
Running head: NURSING CONCERN
College of Nursing
NR 505 Advance Research Methods: Evidence Based Practice
NURSING CONCERN
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1. Overview of Selected Evidenced-based Practice Project
Introduction
In the nursing literature, Evidence-Based Practice (EBP), has become a concept that is well
established. EBP is defined as an integration of best research evidence with clinical expertise and
patient values in clinical decision making. EBP is about translating the evidence derived from
detailed research and applying it to clinical decision-making. EBP and research are closely related
in the sense that they support the main goals of the Magnet Model component of innovation, new
knowledge, and improvements.
The input of nurses is not only required but it is essential to gather important information to
support the model in providing better services to patients in the future. This paper is going to use
the Evidence-Based Practise to discuss the concerns that are rising regarding inoculation and
generate a solution to combat the issue.
Evidence-Based Practice versus Research
Evidence-Based Practice works with the evidence gathered and translates it to be applied to clinical
decision-making. The main objective of EBP is to utilize the evidence available that is deemed the
best to provide the best care for patients. This evidence used by EBP is derived mainly from
research. Research is conducted to come up with new knowledge that can be used in the field or
validate the information that exists in theory. The research uses science to test a hypothesis or
answer certain questions to gain more clarity. Research is validated by the use of scientific methods
in precise steps that investigate explore and discover. EBP requires the information gathered in
research to translate it to applicable processes to care for patients. While research is concerned
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with developing new knowledge, EBP involves development in discovering and interpreting the
best evidence into clinical care.
Specialty track
Family Nurse Practitioner is my specialty track. Family nurse practitioners (FNP) are advanced
practice registered nurses who provide family-focused care either independently or in
collaboration with other healthcare professionals. Because of the relatively broad nature of the
“family” focus of the patient population, FNPs offer a wide range of healthcare services covering
the family unit. The family unit is from health promotion and disease prevention to direct lifelong
care and counselling.
2. Identification of the Nursing Concern to be Improved
Inoculation vs Autism
The education and inoculation of children is a major concern of mine. Due to allegations of causing
multiple disorders, inoculations have been questioned and frowned upon in recent years. Despite
common belief, vaccines for children are not only safe to administer, but they are also the best way
to ensure a healthy, disease-free society. Many diseases have become virtually extinct due to the
recommended scheduled administration of childhood inoculations. Diseases like Polio, Measles,
Mumps, and Hepatitis A have not claim children’s lives until current reports of deaths related to
measles.
The most controversial ideas that affect many parents to avoid inoculating their kids is the
inoculation threat that causes neurological conditions, such as autism. Despite the controversy
about this topic, scientists have found no scientific connection between autism and
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immunizations. Although specific measures have been put in place to ensure children’s safety,
parents have still found reasons to prevent their child from receiving the recommended vaccines.
EBP will be useful for future practices as all evidence is gathered to prove to parents that
vaccinating their children is an advantage for their overall health and no harm comes through this
process.
Parents or caregivers refusal
One reasons parents give is that inoculations have side effects that can be dangerous to their
child. According to the Mayo Clinic (2008), “Rarely a child may experience a severe allergic
reaction or a neurological side effect. The Mayo Clinic continues by saying “Although these rare
side effects are a concern, inoculations are much safer than the diseases they prevent.”
Inoculations are important to prevent diseases and it has worked well to eradicate dangerous
diseases over the years. People are at risk of re-introducing these diseases into society and taking
us back a century. Parents have to be made aware of the importance of inoculating their children
because a natural chickenpox infection could lead to pneumonia, a natural polio infection could
cause permanent paralysis, and/or a natural mumps infection could lead to deafness and a natural
Hib infection could result in permanent brain damage (Mayo Clinic, 2008).
The insurance provider Blue Cross Blue Shield, (BCBS), has documented that an increase of
parents is refusing inoculation to their children is on the rise. In 2010, children born that year, 2.5
were not inoculated on their parents’ decision while in 2013, the figure rose to 4.2%.
This information is retained form insurers tally through medical claim coded. The full report
showed that 3.3% i.e. 27,839 of children born during that period were not inoculated (BCBS,
2018). According to federal health data, the percentage of children under 2 years old who have not
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received any inoculations has quadrupled in the last 17 years. The fear that inoculations causes
autism is spreading and more parents are opting out of this important part of their children’s lives.
Solution
The solution is focused on educate parents and all people at large the importance of inoculation
in their lifestyles. The main rejection of these inoculations is the theory that it is directly
responsible for the cause of autism in children. EBP would come in handy in this situation to
assuage parents of this myth and encourage them to take advantage of the scientific progress.
With all the evidence that proves that inoculations are not directly or indirectly responsible for
autism or any other developmental disease would work to satisfy parents not to worry too much
about this issue.
Education of the importance of inoculating children against major diseases is dire at this point
and that it is not only for their sake but for the whole society at large. The risk of re-introducing
these diseases that have been long eradicated grows higher as more and more parents opt out of
inoculation.
3. PICO question and Literature Search Process
PICO question
This paper follows a qualitative approach that explores holistic beliefs based on perceptions
that are always different from each other. Qualitative research focuses on systematic inquiry form
to gain a deeper understanding of the context of natural behaviours, experiences, and processes. In
the social sciences, qualitative methods have traditionally been used, but are also used in clinical
research, especially when experiences and their underlying meaning cannot be measured using a
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quantitative approach. This approach will be appropriate as it focuses on a particular group and
human social behaviour.
Decision making of inoculating children is done by parents or caregivers. Providing them with
educational tools that focus on the information they can use in the decision-making process would
be important for them to make an educated decision.
My formulated qualitative approach PICO question is; why parents or caregivers oppose the
recommended inoculations for children. Understanding the concern of parents would work to help
any nurse practitioner help them get the full scope of course of treatment requires and that their
fears would not become to fruition because of the action taken.
Literature Review
The information provided in this paper has been found in databases found online specifically
for nurses to aid with research. CINAHL Plus, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE (Excerpta Medica
Database) were very helpful in obtaining the data required to finish this assignment. They provided
a detailed analysis of the topic at hand and gave a full perspective of the issue of my concern
Keywords: inoculations and autism. Causes of autism, hesitancy of inoculating, EBP in nursing,
nurse practitioner, nursing theory
4. Theoretical Framework
Theories are developed to illustrate, anticipate, and comprehend phenomena and, in many
cases, challenge and expand existing knowledge within the limits of critical bounding inferences.
The theoretical framework is the design capable of holding or supporting a research study theory.
The theoretical framework presents and defines the theory explaining why there is a research
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problem being studied with EBP, in this case, is the working hypothesis that calls for more research
on the subject to give clinical evidence on the matter. This will allow practitioners to present a sure
report to parents to assuage them to do right by their children. The working hypothesis is
constructed as a statement of expectations and purposed in empirical research to provide the right
information. EBP uses this evidence to formulate the best medical care for patients.
The Germ Theory
Doctors and researchers did not understand how the body was infected and how it spread
disease. The microscope invention and the discovery of single-celled animals invisible to the naked
eye attracted attention to the existence of microscopic organisms.
Although not even a physician, Louis Pasteur, a graduate of chemistry and the most illustrious
of all researchers, made many advances in microbiology and introduced the important “germ
theory.” He destroyed the spontaneous generation theory and explained the basis for infection and
introduced rational immunity planning.
Pasteur postulated the disease’s “germ theory” and showed that it was possible to modify the
anthrax bacillus to attain immunity without causing disease. For a disease like anthrax common to
animals and human beings, Pasteur used the Latin word “vacca”, meaning cow, first given the
rabies vaccine.
The germ theory holds that diseases are caused by microorganisms and that these pathogens
invade humans and weakens their immune system. It supposes that one can remain healthy by
keeping them at bay. The body’s immune system actively fights off the microorganisms. This
theory helps in the development of vaccines. This theory guides EBP by focusing on
microorganisms as causal agents of diseases. Therefore, the society needs to stay safe from these
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microorganisms. The theory acknowledges the omnipresent nature of the pathogens. It holds that
proper immunity helps one stay safe. One does not necessarily get infected after contact with
viruses. The theory led to the development of vital viruses like TB and Polio.
5. Conclusion
This concern has become a major problem in modern day medicine with more parents opting
out of vaccinating their babies in the fear that they might have developmental problems like autism.
These fears are unfounded but are spreading across the county and it is feared that if this continues,
diseases that were formerly eradicated may find a way back to our society. Vaccination is helpful
in curbing various preventable diseases.
Vaccines were developed with the help of the germ theory and they focus on boosting
immunity. Using EBP with research evidence that shows that there is no connection between
vaccines and autism will work to help parents make the better choice of using these services to
protect their children. Education to the masses is important to enable people to understand this
very important. The concepts of the theory could help in creating a community education message
and also help inform practice and disease prevention.
References
Institute of Medicine (U.S.)., & Institute of Medicine (U.S.). (2004). Immunization safety
review: Vaccines and autism. Washington, D.C: National Academies Press.
Mayo Clinic. (2008). Vaccines: Top 5 myths about childhood vaccines. Mayo Clinic.
Retrieved October 17, 2018, from http://www.mayoclinic.com
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Blue Cross Blue Shield (2018). Early childhood vaccination trends in America. Vaccinations.
https://www.bcbs.com/the-health-of-america/reports/early-childhood-vaccinationtrends-america
Maher, L., & Dertadian, G. (2018). Qualitative research. Addiction, 113(1), 167–172. https://doiorg.chamberlainuniversity.idm.oclc.org/10.1111/add.13931
Luthy, K. E., Burningham, J., Eden, L. M., Macintosh, J. L. B., & Beckstrand, R. L. (2016).
Addressing Parental Vaccination Questions in the School Setting. Journal of School
Smith, K. A. (2012). Louis Pasteur, the Father of Immunology? Frontiers in Immunology, 3,
68.http://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2012.00068
Week 2: Refinement of a Nursing Concern into an Evidence-based
Practice Proposal Using the Research Process
PURPOSE
This assignment provides the opportunity for the student to continue work on a previously identified area or
phenomenon of interest related to their MSN specialty track. Week Two’s assignment builds upon the
identified area of interest by developing an overview of the evidence-based practice (EBP) project and the
PCIOT/PICo question. This assignment initiates the evidence-based practice proposal that is continued
throughout the entire course with each assignment adding components of the research process.
COURSE OUTCOMES
This assignment enables the student to meet the following course outcomes:
CO#1 Integrate evidence-based practice and research to support advancement of holistic nursing care in
diverse healthcare settings. PO 1
CO#2 Integrate knowledge related to evidence-based practice and person-centered care to improve
healthcare outcomes. PO 2, 5
CO#4 Develop knowledge related to research and evidence-based practice as a basis for designing and
critiquing research studies. PO 1, 2, 3,
REQUIREMENTS
Description of the Assignment
This assignment builds on the identification of a nursing concern from NR 500 and the application
of a nursing theory to the selected concern from NR 501. For this course, the selected concern and
nursing theory then serve as a foundation to the identification of PICOT/PICo. Identification of the
literature search strategy is also required. The purpose of the MSN project proposal is to translate
evidence currently found in the literature into practice within the chosen specialty track. Due to
the research complexity, time involvement, and implications regarding human subjects, drug
studies are not acceptable areas of interest for a MSN project.
Criteria for Content
1. Overview of Selected Evidenced-based Practice Project: This section provides a foundation to the
MSN EBP scholarly project. It should contain the following elements:
•
Explain the relationship between research and evidenced-based practice (EBP)
•
Distinguish how EBP is different from research
1
•
•
•
Explain the contribution of EBP to professional nursing
Identify your MSN Program Specialty Track and practice focus
Explain how EBP promotes change within your future practice setting
2. Identification of the Nursing Concern to be Improved: This section provides a comprehensive
discussion of the selected nursing concern. It should contain the following elements:
•
Explain the selected nursing concern in detail
•
Identify how frequently the selected concern occurs within your specialty track setting
•
Identify the stakeholders impacted by the concern
•
Identify the consequences of the selected concern
•
Identify your proposed solution to the selected concern
•
Identify a purpose statement for this EBP proposal
3. PICOT/PICo question and Literature Search Process: This section identifies the PICOT/PICo question
that will used for this EBP proposal. The literature search parameters will also be identified. It
should contain the following elements:
• Identify the question in correct format with all required elements
o PICOT for quantitative research approach
o PICo for qualitative research approach
• Identify how the expected outcome will be useful to your future practice setting
• Discuss the purpose of conducting a literature review and the contribution it will provide to this
EBP proposal
• Identify the steps used to conduct a literature review for this EBP proposal by including:
o The specific library databases used
o The key search terms and phrases used
o The minor (additional) search terms and phrases used
o Identify any specialty organization that is relevant to this EBP proposal
4. Theoretical Framework: This section presents the theoretical framework that will used in this EBP
project. It should contain the following section:
• Explain the theoretical framework to be used in this EBP proposal
• Describe how the identified theoretical framework is applied to this EBP proposal
PREPARING THE ASSIGNMENT
Criteria for Format and Special Instructions
1. The paper (excluding the title page and reference page) should be at least 5, but no more than 8
pages. Points will be lost for not meeting these length requirements.
2. Title page, running head, body of paper, and reference page must follow APA guidelines as found in
the 6th edition of the manual. This includes the use of headings for each section of the paper except
for the introduction where no heading is used.
3. A minimum of 6 (six) appropriate research-based scholarly references must be used. Required
textbook for this course, dictionary and lesson information may NOT be used as scholarly references
for this assignment. For additional assistance regarding scholarly nursing references, please see
2
“What is a scholarly source” located in the Course Resources tab. Be aware that information from
.com websites may be incorrect and should be avoided. References are current – within a 5-year
time frame unless a valid rationale is provided and the instructor has approved them prior to
submission of the assignment.
4. Ideas and information from scholarly, peer reviewed, nursing sources must be cited and referenced
correctly.
5. Rules of grammar, spelling, word usage, and punctuation are followed and consistent with formal,
scientific writing.
DIRECTIONS AND ASSIGNMENT CRITERIA
Assignment Criteria
Points
%
Description
Overview of Selected Evidencedbased Practice Project
25
17
Identification of the Nursing
Concern to be Improved
25
17
Required content for this section includes:
• Explain the selected nursing concern in
detail
• Identify how frequently the selected
concern occurs within your specialty
track
• Identify the stakeholders impacted by
the concern
• Identify the consequences of the
selected concern
• Identify your proposed solution to the
selected concern
• Identify a purpose statement for this
EBP proposal
PICOT/PICo question and
Literature Search Process
20
13
The required content for this section includes:
Identify the question in correct format with all
required elements:
• PICOT for quantitative research
approach
Required content for this section includes:
• Explain the relationship between
research and evidenced-based practice
(EBP)
• Distinguish how EBP is different from
research
• Explain the contribution of EBP to
professional nursing
• Identify your MSN Program Specialty
Track and practice focus
• Explain how EBP promotes change
within your future practice setting
3
•
•
•
PICo for qualitative research approach
Identify how the expected outcome will
be useful to your future practice setting
Discuss the purpose of conducting a
literature review and the contribution it
will provide to this EBP proposal
o Identify the steps used to
conduct a literature review for
this EBP proposal by including:
o The specific library databases
used
o The key search terms and
phrases used
o The minor (additional) search
terms and phrases used
o Identify any specialty
…
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