ENG 1020 MTSU Best Age for A Child to Begin Owning a Smartphone Research This is assignment 3. it is related to assignment 2 ( attached ), which was a prop

ENG 1020 MTSU Best Age for A Child to Begin Owning a Smartphone Research This is assignment 3. it is related to assignment 2 ( attached ), which was a proposal and a bibliography with resources for this assignment. Guidelines for this assignment are attached. Also an exapmle for this assigmnet is attached. Binshraim 1
My Research Proposal
1. Your topic:
When is the best age for a child to begin owning a smartphone?
2. What makes it controversial or otherwise worth investigating?
The topic on the appropriate age for smartphone use among children is worth investigating
because there has been numerous instances and reports on how children are being both
negatively and positively affected by these devices. Safe media and technology for children is
a controversial issue because of the current widespread use of devices and the instances of
problematic or beneficial impacts.
3. Explain the motivation for your research. For example, are you interested in
helping people better understand it; are you hoping to find information that can
shed light on its importance; do you want to offer a judgement about the quality
of your topic or challenge an accepted judgement or attitude about it; do you
want to discover what the causes or effects are; are you interested in proposing
solutions; do you want to offer a new perspective or understanding of it.
The motivation for this research is to better understand the causes and effects of smartphone
use among children. By investigating the cause and effects, the research will be able to
determine what the best age is for a child to own this device and whether reasonable
boundaries are needed when considering giving children their own devices.
4. After answering the question above, you should have an idea about the genre of
argument you want to write fact-based, definition, evaluation, cause & effect,
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proposal to solve a problem. See EAA Chps 8-12 for explanations of each genre.
Explain your choice of genre here.
The research paper will use the cause and effect approach to investigate smartphone use
among children. This genre will examine causal arguments related to smartphone use among
children and the effects they have on their development.
5. Think about your audience. Briefly describe them here. Consider qualities like
age, education level, attitude towards your topic, beliefs they may hold that will
have an effect on your approach.
The research will target individuals in their late teens, young adults, and people above the age
of 30. The target audience will also include those have completed tertiary and university level
education or are in the field of child development.
6. Now, write a brief paragraph about how you can establish credibility with that
audience. What will they need from you to take you seriously?
To establish credibility, I will need to show the audience that I know about my topic. I will
include instances of personal experience in the paper and also use excellent research by using
reliable resources. I will make sure that these resources have established credibility and that
they are experts in the field. The sources will contain recent information, and will include
respectable websites, journals, and news articles.
7. Think about potential research terms related to your topic. Make a list of them
here.
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Access control
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Technology and parenting
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Child smartphone use
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Smartphone addiction
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Problematic smartphone use
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Screen time
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Media use and children
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Technology and child development
8. It’s too early for a thesis (your research should help you finalize your thesis), but
briefly explain what your primary question is that you hope your research will
answer. Or, if you would rather think of your subject in terms of a problem or
controversy, briefly explain your ideas about that problem and what you hope to
clarify via your research.
My primary question will be whether smartphone use negatively or positively affects
children. This will allow me to delve into the relationship between technology use and age
appropriateness and also research on the right age for kids to start using technology.
9. List any questions or concerns you have that I can help you with at this stage.
To help me at this stage, I will need clarification on, Resources that are not
permissible to use in this research. And should the Annotated bibliography have separated
Cited Work page or not?
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When is the best age for a child to begin owning a smartphone?: An Annotated Bibliography
This annotated bibliography covers smartphone use among children and the causes
and effects of using this device. The appropriate age for children to begin using smartphones
has long been debated among scholars, researchers, and parents, with some advocating its use
as early as possible while others express concerns. The bibliography will cover research
conducted by reliable sources and credible experts, and will also give information on the pros
and cons of smartphone use among children. I compiled this research to help determine the
best age for a child to begin owning a smartphone and to explore arguments from both sides
of the spectrum regarding the positive and negative impacts of devices in child development.
Brooks, Amber. “The “Screenagers” Documentary Prompts A Thoughtful Dialogue Between
Parents & Teens About Smartphone Usage – [Dating News]”. Datingnews.Com, 2018,
https://www.datingnews.com/industry-trends/screenagers-prompts-dialogue-aboutsmartphone-usage/.
This article was posted on a website that covers news about the dating industry. The
author gives a review of a documentary titled Screenagers, which shows how
technology, specifically smartphones, has impacted teenagers and their view of the
world. The writer provides a short synopsis of the film then proceeds to discuss how it
highlights the effect of smartphones on the development of teenage minds. The
average child spends up to six hours a day hooked on a smartphone, and this inhibits
open communication between children and their parents. According to the article, the
film emphasizes the importance of boundaries. Parents need to learn how to handle
smartphone addiction as it may get out of hand and lead to addictions to videogames,
pornography, and other issues. The article is a reliable source because it offers
insights into how teenagers are affected by the use of smartphones.
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Cho, Kyung-Seu, and Jae-Moo Lee. “Influence of smartphone addiction proneness of young
children on problematic behaviors and emotional intelligence: Mediating selfassessment effects of parents using smartphones.” Computers in Human Behavior 66
(2017): 303-311.
This journal article gives details on studies about children between the ages of one to
six and their smartphone addiction proneness. The researchers link smartphone use to
emotional intelligence and problematic behaviors. Studies have shown that
smartphone use causes personality distortion and voluntary isolation and often leads
to control needs in young children. The adverse effects of using smartphones among
kids can be particularly influential in their behavioral patterns and how they associate
with one another as well as adults. The article is a reliable source since it takes a
unique approach to smartphone addiction among children that could help explain their
behavior in daily life.
Curtin, Melanie. “Bill Gates Says This Is The ‘Safest’ Age To Give A Child A
Smartphone.” Inc.com. N.p., 2017. Web. 28 Mar. 2020.
https://www.inc.com/melanie-curtin/bill-gates-says-this-is-the-safest-age-to-give-achild-a-smartphone.html
This article presents an activist’s opinion on the safest age a child is allowed to use a
smartphone. The writer gives her view on when to give a child his or her device and
includes assessments from Bill Gates and James Steyer regarding this controversial
issue. The two media and technology experts generally agree that children are allowed
to have their smartphones as soon as they reach high school age. This article is an
excellent source because it offers the point of view from different experts in the
technology industry.
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Genc, Zulfu. “Parents’ perceptions about the mobile technology use of preschool aged
children.” Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences 146 (2014): 55-60.
This journal article discusses Turkish parents’ perceptions of preschool-aged
children’s use of smartphones. The article investigates how screen time has replaced
books and how most children use these devices to play games for entertainment rather
than learn. This article is a reliable source since it provides details of a study carried
out on the parents of pre-school children and gives results based on the views of
actual parents. This source is useful to explain some of the positives and negatives of
smartphone use among children.
Kpatékana, Simlawo, et al. “Where Is the Smartphone Leading the Health of
Children?.” Smartphones from an Applied Research Perspective. IntechOpen, 2017.
This chapter in the book Smartphones from an Applied Research
Perspective discusses the resultant trauma and insecurity issues that come with
smartphone use among children. It gives insights from various articles concerning this
topic and the adverse effects of mobile phone use. The information is scarce regarding
how to make use of smartphones properly, and many children unpack the devices and
proceed to use them without knowing for sure what the safety precautions are. The
chapter also discusses measures taken to eradicate such dangers and highlights
involvements by government and parents towards determining age-appropriateness
when it comes to using smartphones. These devices have been known to explode in
children’s pockets due to overheating, causing severe harm and damage. The chapter
serves as a valuable source of information on smartphone use and the extreme dangers
that children are exposed to while using them. Unlike some articles, this chapter
delves into awareness not only for children but for adults as well.
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Sales, Nancy. “The Majority Of 11-Year-Olds Own Smartphones. And Experts Are Worried |
Nancy Jo Sales”. The Guardian, 2019,
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/nov/01/smartphones-childrentechnology-mobile-phones.
This newspaper article covers the predicament that parents face when faced with the
question of whether or not to give their children smartphones. Experts are becoming
concerned about the high number of children who own smartphones today, with many
of them being 12-year-olds. The writer discussed this issue with teachers and parents
across the United States and concluded that most adults end up giving children
smartphones because they lack an alternative. This newspaper article is an excellent
source since it gives an excellent explanation of why parents give children
smartphones. The experts’ opinions also offer valuable insight into what can go
wrong when children remain unsupervised while using these devices.
Williams, Amy. “How Do Smartphones Affect Childhood Psychology?”. Psych Central,
2018, https://psychcentral.com/lib/how-do-smartphones-affect-childhood-psychology/
This website article is from PsychCentral, an independent online source for mental
health topics. The article covers how childhood psychology is affected by smartphone
use, and the author is a freelance writer who focuses on parenting techniques. She
gives her views on how young children today are glued to their smartphones because
they have replaced other forms of play, such as dolls and balls. Research on how
children learn has been extensive over recent years. The author mentions the cognitive
learning theory by Jean Piaget, which focuses on the development of the child’s brain.
Physical learning is an essential aspect of child development, and the article outlines
the fact that too much screen time robs children of other forms of interaction and play.
The report is a reliable source since it delves into how cellphones affect children’s
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brain development and also cites credible sources. It is a useful source to explain how
cell phones impact child development.
Winkfield, Edward. “What Are Smartphones Doing To Our Kids?”. Rcg.Org, 2018,
https://rcg.org/realtruth/articles/170910-002.html.
This magazine article discusses the effect of smartphones on children. The writer
highlights the fact that children are becoming more skillful and resourceful when
using these devices and are have access to more information at the click of a button.
According to the article, the average age of children with smartphones is now 10.3.
Parental control is also not as strict as it should be, with a higher number of kids today
now being able to access the internet from the palm of their hands compared to
children in 2012. The article also includes cyberbullying and difficulty in face-to-face
interactions among children due to excessive smartphone use and inadequate privacy
measures. This magazine article is a useful source because it gives information
backed by studies conducted from countries around the world, and not just the United
States. It also provides more details on the positive and negative outcomes of
smartphone use among children.
McClure-Wade
English 1020
Research-Based Argument
Basic Info
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Length: 3-5 pages
Documentation Style: MLA (See EAA chp. 22)
Required Number of Sources: 5 (see below for more specific requirements)
Possible Points: 150
Date Due: Thursday April 30th
Overview:
For this assignment you will write a 3-5 page essay in which you present an argument, using the genre of
your choice, and supported by credible sources from your research.
Using the topic you detailed in your Research Proposal (Assignment 2), you will formulate a thesis that
states a claim regarding your topic and you will present your position/ideas about that topic in the
format of one of the genres detailed in your textbook (EAA):
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Argument of Fact (Chp. 8)
Argument of Definition (Chp. 9)
Evaluation (Chp. 10)
Causal Argument (Chp. 11)
Proposal (Chp. 12)
You must support your claim and develop your ideas about it by utilizing research to back up and
support your ideas. The credibility and efficacy (effectiveness) of the sources you choose will have a
significant impact on the success of your argument, so it is essential that you choose your sources
thoughtfully.
Developing Your Arguments
A crucial aspect of successfully writing any argument is in the development: how clearly, specifically, &
logically have you presented your claim and supporting ideas? The first step in successfully completing
this assignment is to utilize the resources available in your textbook. Once you have chosen the genre
you will use for your argument, review the chapter in the textbook associated with it. Pay special
attention to the “Guide to Writing…” that appears at the end of the chapter. There you will find
valuable advice on thesis, structure, and supporting your argument.
Also be sure to review the sample essays that appear after the “Guide.” One is a published essay, the
other is written by a student, but both offer concrete examples of successful essays in the genre.
Be sure to note:
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The introduction and conclusion of each essay. Note how they don’t rely on the kinds of cliché
students often fall back on. The conclusion isn’t simply a cut-and-paste repetition of the intro.
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The thesis likely appears in both, but most likely the wording is different. The phrase “in
conclusion” is not used. This has to do with creating an engaging and vital STYLE.
Remember the importance of engaging your reader. If your writing isn’t interesting, your
argument is going to fall flat. Remember that you want to “hook” your reader in your
introduction. Rather than simply jumping right into your topic, perhaps you begin by relating a
personal story. You want to avoid using personal experience as your primary support but using
it in the intro & conclusion to engage your reader can be quite effective. Or if you do not have
personal experience to share, you could share an anecdote (brief story) relating someone else’s
experience (that you learned about via research). Or perhaps you offer your readers a
hypothetical scenario to hook them in. This may lead to a first paragraph that tells a story or
offers a scenario, then a second paragraph in which you get more specific about your topic then
state your thesis. So, yes, you can have a 2-paragraph introduction.
Craft a thesis that is direct, clear, and assertive. Make a claim that reflects your position on your
subject, and one that you can support with credible evidence and logical discussion. Be sure to
consider the genre you are writing in and that your thesis works for that genre. See the “Guide
to Writing” at the end of the chapter related to the genre you have chosen for more specific
details.
Each body paragraph should serve to develop and support the claim you make in your thesis.
Utilize sources to support these supporting claims, not make them for you. Rely on credible
sources (expert opinions, credible studies, government reports, interviews) to support the
claims you make.
It’s not enough to refer to a source (whether it’s via quote, summary, or paraphrase). You need
to discuss the material you reference to demonstrate how it supports your ideas. Never
assume your audience makes the same connections between your source material and your
claims that you do. It is up to you to help the audience see those connections by discussing any
references to source material you use and how they support your main ideas.
Proofreading and Editing are important. If you are trying to earn an A- or B-level grade on this
assignment, you need to be mindful of details.
o Avoid unnecessary references to yourself (I think, I feel, I believe). These phrases are
empty and redundant. You can refer to personal experience to help your readers
connect to your subject, but don’t fill your essay with these phrases.
o Avoid writing “empty phrases” or “deadweight.” This refers to being unnecessarily
wordy, repeating yourself without purpose, using words like “stuff, thing, very, really”
and clichés (“in today’s society,” “in this day and age,” “we, as humans,” “in conclusion,”
“in this essay I will,” etc.). This kind of writing weighs your essay down. It’s boring and
lacks vitality. Give yourself time to cut all this out in editing.
o Choose specific nouns (e.g. “Camaro” vs. “car”) and active verbs: (verbs convey action,
we too often rely on “to be” and “to have” rather than choosing more specific and
active verbs.)
o Read for wrong words: (where vs. were; should of vs. should have; to, too, & two; there,
their, & they’re; etc). These sorts of errors impact the credibility of your writing.
o Make sure the words you choose mean what you think they do. Misusing words also has
a negative impact on your credibility.
Rhetoric & The Rhetorical Triangle
Remember that Rhetoric is the art of using language to persuade. So your goal as a writer is to craft an
argument that will persuade your audience to accept that your point of view is valid and perhaps to
agree with your ideas.
Ethos:
Ethos refers to your credibility as a writer. This credibility is established via your tone and your level of
understanding of both your topic and your audience.
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Audience: you have to know who they are, what they think or believe about your subject, and
what they will need from you in order to take you seriously
Tone: This literally refers to the words you choose. You must present an articulate and
thoughtful argument (you seem informed). You must present that argument in a way that
appeals to your audience rather than in a way that makes them angry or causes them to dismiss
you.
Topic: You must appear well-informed. You have to assume your audience will have their own
ideas and understanding of your topic and you must work to not insult them by talking down to
them or by making claims that can’t be supported.
Logos:
Logos refers to logic. Your argument must be grounded in logic. …
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